While the spread of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) across Cyprus has caused widespread public concern, scientific and international health experts clarify that the virus poses no threat to human health.
The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) states explicitly that FMD is “not readily transmissible to humans” and does not constitute a public health risk.
Historically, only a few mild cases of human infection have been recorded—typically through direct contact with infected animals—none of which required hospitalisation.
However, for livestock, the disease is devastating. According to WOAH, culling is mandatory to halt the epidemic and protect healthy farms, as the virus can persist within animal populations for long periods if not drastically controlled.
Symptoms and Animal Suffering The disease causes significant physical distress in animals. Key symptoms include:
- High fever (often the first sign)
- Blisters (aphthae) on the mouth, tongue, and gums
- Sores on the hooves and feet
- Excessive salivation (drooling)
- Lameness due to extreme pain
- Loss of appetite and weakness
As these blisters burst, they turn into painful open wounds, preventing animals from eating or moving normally. While mortality is generally low in adult animals, it is high in young livestock where the virus can cause myocarditis (heart damage), leading to sudden death.
Economic and Long-term Impact The aftermath of an infection is equally severe for the agricultural sector. Even if an animal survives, milk production can temporarily drop by up to 80%. Survivors often suffer from delayed growth, impaired reproductive capacity, and permanent weight loss.
The Veterinary Services of Cyprus have issued strict guidelines, reminding the public that “in the event of a foot-and-mouth outbreak, the movement of animals and products is prohibited” without official approval. This total ban on movement across the island remains the primary tool for containment.
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